蓄電池長期處于充電不足（欠充狀態(tài)）由于光伏系統(tǒng)受自然條件限制，太陽能資源的隨機性很大，天氣有陰晴、雨、雪，太陽光有強、有弱，這樣使光伏系統(tǒng)中的儲能蓄電池不能得到均勻飽滿的完全充電，而且將電池下載（卸下來）進行補充電（再充電）的機會非常少，這樣系統(tǒng)中的蓄電池往往是長期處于充電不足，即欠充狀態(tài)，由于充電不足（欠充）會造成嚴重后果：( a ）陰極發(fā)生硫酸鹽化，正極亦然；( b ）電池電解液發(fā)生層化（分層現(xiàn)象），這種電解液分層是指電池在深放電或淺放電時，電池底部的HZ 50 ；濃度高于電池上部，極板上硫酸濃度分布也就不同，就會引起正極柵的腐蝕與極板活性物質(zhì)膨脹或軟化。此外對負極的硫酸鹽化加重。而且這種硫酸鹽化是在負極下部發(fā)生粗大的PbS04顆粒，喪失充電的可逆性（充電不再生，就是喪失恢復(fù)能力），這些大顆粒PbS04粗晶不接受充電轉(zhuǎn)化，電池容量下降，這叫“不可逆硫酸鹽化”。當(dāng)這種硫酸鹽化處于輕微階段時，還是可以再生的，再生的辦法是用“水療法”（即降低電解液濃度反復(fù)充／放電而后恢復(fù)），若不可逆程度嚴重，就難以復(fù)活就出現(xiàn)充電時電池發(fā)熱，電池電壓驟升，放電時電池電壓陡降。嚴重硫酸鹽化時，根本就不能充電，導(dǎo)致電池失效。
The storage battery is placed in to refresh over a long period of time shortage(owe Chong status) because of light the Fu system is subjected to natural condition restriction, the random of the solar energy resources very heavy, the weather is cloudy or sunny, rain, snow, the sun is strong and is weak, like this make light Fu system in of keep ability the storage battery can not get even fullly and completely refresh, and download(unload) battery to carry on an opportunity to add an electricity(again refresh) quite a little, so the storage battery in the system be usually placed in to refresh shortage over a long period of time, then owe Chong status, because of refresh shortage(owe Chong) will result in serious result:( A)the cathode vitriol happen to turn, the cathode is too;( B)the battery electrolyte occurrence layer turn(layering phenomenon), this kind of electrolyte layering means that the battery is deeply turning on electricity or shallow turn on electricity, the HZ of battery bottom 50;The density is higher than battery upper part, on sulfuric acid density of pole plank distribute also for the dissimilarity, will arouse live material of corrosion and pole plank of cathode grid inflation or soften.In addition turn to aggravate to the vitriol of anode.And this kind of vitriol turns to take place in the anode lower part bulky PbS04 grainses and lose to refresh of can go against sex(refresh to no longer living, be lose instauration ability), these big grain PbS04s are thick crystal don't accept to refresh a conversion, the battery capacity descends, this calls"can not go against vitriol to turn".When this kind of vitriol turns to be placed in a slight stage, be still can be reborn of, the way of rebirth is to use "water cure"(namely lower an electrolyte density Chong again and again/turn on electricity and then instauration), if can not go against degree severity, hard resurrection appear to refresh the battery have fever, the battery electric voltage suddenly rises, and the battery electric voltage is abrupt to decline while turning on electricity.When the serious vitriol turns, basically can not refresh, cause battery expired.
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